Kennon Sheldon

Sheldon, K. M., & Goffredi, R. (2021). Self-determination theory shows that free will matters. Motivation Science, 7(2), 119. doi: 10.1037/mot0000222

Titova, M., & Sheldon, K. M. (2021). Happiness comes from trying to make others feel good, rather than oneself. The Journal of Positive Psychology doi: 10.1080/17439760.2021.1897867

Martela, F., & Sheldon, K. M. (2019). Clarifying the concept of well-being: Psychological need-satisfaction as the common core connecting eudaimonic and subjective well-being. Review of General Psychology, 23(4), 458-474. doi: 10.1177/1089268019880886

Moller, A. C., & Sheldon, K. M. (2019). Athletic scholarships are negatively associated with intrinsic motivation for sports, even decades later: Evidence for long-term undermining. Motivation Science doi: 10.1037/mot0000133

Sedikides, C., Ntoumanis, N., & Sheldon, K. M. (2019). I am the chosen one: Narcissism in the backdrop of self‐determination theory. Journal of Personality, 87, 70-81. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12402

Sheldon, K. M., Gordeeva, T., Leontiev, D., Lynch, M. F., Osin, E., Rassakazova, E., & Dementily, L. (2018). Freedom and responsibility go together: Personality, experimental, and cultural demonstrations. Journal of Research in Personality, 73, 63-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2017.11.007

Prentice, M., Kasser, T., & Sheldon, K. M. (2018). Openness to experience predicts intrinsic value shifts after deliberating one’s own death. Death Studies, 42(4), 205-215. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2017.1334016

Cordeiro, P., Paixão, P., Lens, W., Lacante, M., & Sheldon, K. M. (2016). Factor structure and dimensionality of the balanced measure of psychological needs among Portuguese high school students: Relations to well-being and ill-being. Learning and Individual Differences, 47, 51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2015.12.010

Krieger, L. S., & Sheldon, K. M. (2015). What makes lawyers happy?: A data-driven prescription to redefine professional success. George Washington Law Review, 83, 554-627. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2398989

Chen, B., et al., Vansteenkiste, M., Beyers, W., Boone, L., Deci, E. L., Van der Kaap-Deeder, J., Matos, L., Ryan, R. M., Sheldon, K. M., & Soenens, B. (2015). Basic psychological need satisfaction, need frustration, and need strength across four cultures. Motivation and Emotion, 39, 216-236. doi: 10.1007/s11031-014-9450-1

Sheldon, K. M., & Krieger, L. (2014). Walking the talk: Value importance, value enactment, and well-being. Motivation and Emotion, 38, 609-619. doi: 10.1007/s11031-014-9424-3

Sheldon, K. M. (2014). Becoming oneself: The central role of self-concordant goal selection. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 18, 349-365. doi: 10.1177/1088868314538549

White II, M. H., & Sheldon, K. M. (2014). The contract year syndrome in the NBA and MLB: A classic undermining pattern. Motivation and Emotion, 38, 196-205. doi: 10.1007/s11031-013-9389-7

Schuler, J., Brandstatter, V., & Sheldon, K. M. (2012). Do implicit motives and basic psychological needs interact to predict well-being and flow? Testing a universal hypothesis and a matching hypothesis. Motivation and Emotion, 37, 480-495. doi: 10.1007/s11031-012-9317-2

Ciani, K. D., Sheldon, K. M., Hilpert, J. C., & Easter, M. A. (2011). Antecedents and trajectories of achievement goals: A self-determination theory perspective. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 223–243.

Sheldon, K. M., Cheng, C., & Hilpert, J. (2011). Understanding well-being and optimal functioning: Applying the Multilevel Personality in Context (MPIC) model. Psychological Inquiry, 22, 1-16.

Sheldon, K. M., Nichols, C. P., & Kasser, T. (2011). Americans recommend smaller ecological footprints when reminded of intrinsic American values of self-expression, family, and generosity. Ecopsychology, 3, 97-104.

Sheldon, K. M., & Ryan, R. M. (2011). Positive psychology and self-determination theory: A natural interface. In V. I. Chirkov, R. M. Ryan & K. M. Sheldon (Eds.), Human autonomy in cross-cultural context: Perspectives on the psychology of agency, freedom, and well-being (pp. 33-44). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.

Chirkov, V. I., Sheldon, K. M., & Ryan, R. M. (2011). The struggle for happiness and autonomy in cultural and personal contexts: An overview. In V. I. Chirkov, R. M. Ryan & K. M. Sheldon (Eds.), Human autonomy in cultural contexts: Perspectives on the psychology of agency, freedom, and well-being (pp. 1-30). Dordrecht: Springer.

Sheldon, K. M., & Schuler, J. (2011). Wanting, having, and needing: Integrating motive disposition theory and self-determination theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 1106–1123.

Sheldon, K. M. (2011). Integrating behavioral-motive and experiential requirement perspectives on psychological needs: A two process model. Psychological Review, 118, 552–569.

Sheldon, K. M. (2011). Consilience within the biopsychosocial system. Psychological Inquiry, 22, 52-65.

Chirkov, V. I., Ryan, R. M., & Sheldon, K. M. (2011). Human autonomy in cross-cultural contexts: Perspectives on the psychology of agency, freedom, and well-being. Dordrecht: Springer.

Sheldon, K. M., & Watson, A. (2011). Coach’s autonomy support is especially important for varsity compared to club and recreational athletes. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 6, 109-123.

Sheldon, K. M., Gunz, A., Nichols, C. P., & Ferguson, Y. (2010). Extrinsic value orientation and affective forecasting: Overestimating the rewards, underestimating the costs. Journal of Personality, 78, 149-178. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00612.x

Schuler, J., Sheldon, K. M., & Frohlich, S. M. (2010). Implicit need for achievement moderates the relationship between competence need satisfaction and subsequent motivation. Journal of Research in Personality, 44, 1-12.

Ferguson, Y., & Sheldon, K. M. (2010). Should goal-strivers think about ‘‘why’’ or ‘‘how’’ to strive? It depends on their skill level. Motivation and Emotion, 34, 253-265. doi: 10.1007/s11031-010-9174-9

Sheldon, K. M., & Gunz, A. (2009). Psychological needs as basic motives, not just experiential requirements. Journal of Personality, 77, 1467-1492.

Cozzolino, P., Sheldon, K. M., Schachtman, T. R., & Meyers, L. S. (2009). Limited time perspective, values, and greed: Imagining a limited future reduces avarice in extrinsic people. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 399-408. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.01.008

Sheldon, K. M., Abad, N., & Omoile, J. (2009). Testing Self-Determination Theory via Nigerian and Indian adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 33, 451–459.

Sheldon, K. M., & Filak, V. (2008). Manipulating autonomy, competence and relatedness support in a game-learning context: New evidence that all three needs matter. British Journal of Social Psychology, 47, 267-283.

Ransom, S., Sheldon, K. M., & Jacobsen, P. (2008). Actual change and inaccurate recall contribute to posttraumatic growth following radiotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 811-819. doi: 10.1037/a0013270

Filak, V., & Sheldon, K. M. (2008). Teacher support, student motivation, student need satisfaction, and college teacher course evaluations: Testing a sequential path model. Educational Psychology, 28, 711-724. doi: 10.1080/01443410802337794

Houser-Marko, L., & Sheldon, K. M. (2008). Eyes on the prize or nose to the grindstone? The effects of level of goal evaluation on mood and motivation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 1556-1569.

Sheldon, K. M., & Krieger, L. S. (2007). Understanding the negative effects of legal education on law students: A longitudinal test of self-determination theory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 883-897.

Sheldon, K. M., & Schachtman, T. (2007). Obligations, internalization, and excuse making: Integrating the triangle model and self-determination theory. Journal of Personality, 75, 359-381.

Rudy, D., Sheldon, K. M., Awong, T., & Tan, H. (2007). Autonomy, culture, and well-being: The benefits of inclusive autonomy. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 983-1007. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2006.11.004

Sheldon, K. M., Houser-Marko, L., & Kasser, T. (2006). Does autonomy increase with age? Comparing the goal motivations of college students and their parents. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 168-178.

Sheldon, K. M., & Niemiec, C. P. (2006). It's not just the amount that counts: Balanced need satisfaction also affects well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 331-341.

Sheldon, K. M. (2006). Catholic guilt? Comparing catholics' and protestants' religious motivations. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 16, 209-223.

Vansteenkiste, M., & Sheldon, K. M. (2006). There's nothing more practical than a good theory: Integrating motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 45, 63-82.

Sheldon, K. M. (2005). Positive value change during college: Normative trends and individual differences. Journal of Research in Personality, 39, 209-223.

Grouzet, F. M., Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T., Ahuvia, A., Dols, J. M. F., Kim, Y., Lau, S., Ryan, R. M., Saunders, S., & Schmuck, P. (2005). The structure of goals across 15 cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 800-816.

Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T., Houser-Marko, L., Jones, T., & Turban, D. (2005). Doing one's duty: Chronological age, felt autonomy, and subjective well-being. European Journal of Personality, 19, 97-115.

Sheldon, K. M., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2005). Time travel via goals: Implications and issues. In A. Strathman & J. Joireman (Eds.), Understanding behavior in the context of time: Theory, research, and applications in social, personality, health, and environmental psychology (pp. 143-165). London: Erlbaum.

Vansteenkiste, M., Simons, J., Lens, W., Sheldon, K. M., & Deci, E. L. (2004). Motivating learning, performance, and persistence: The synergistic role of intrinsic goals and autonomy-support. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 246-260.

Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L., & Kasser, T. (2004). The independent effects of goal contents and motives on well-being: It's both what you pursue and why you pursue it. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 475-486.

Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M., Couchman, C.E., & Sheldon, K. M. (2004). . In T. Kasser & A.D. Kanner, (pp. 11-28). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Sheldon, K. M., Elliot, A. J., Ryan, R. M., Chirkov, V. I., Kim, Y., Wu, C., Demir, M., & Sun, Z. (2004). Self-concordance and subjective well-being in four cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 209-223.

Sheldon, K. M., Arndt, J., & Houser-Marko, L. I (2003). In search of the organismic valuing process: The human tendency to move towards beneficial goal choices. Journal of Personality, 71, 835-869.

Sheldon, K. M., Williams, G. C., & Joiner, T. (2003). Self-determination theory in the clinic: Motivating physical and mental health. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Joiner, T. E., Sheldon, K. M., Williams, G. C., & Pettit, J. (2003). The integration of self-determination principles and scientifically informed treatments is the next tier. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 318-319.

Filak, V., & Sheldon, K. M. (2003). Student psychological need satisfaction and college teacher-course evaluations. Educational Psychology, 23, 235-247.

Osbaldiston, R., & Sheldon, K. M. (2003). Promoting internalized motivation for environmentally responsible behavior: A prospective study of environmental goals. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23, 349-357.

Sheldon, K. M., & Bettencourt, B. A. (2002). Psychological needs and subjective well-being in social groups. British Journal of Social Psychology, 41, 25-38.

Sheldon, K. M. (2002). The self-concordance model of healthy goal-striving: When personal goals correctly represent the person. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 65-86). Rochester, NY: University Of Rochester Press.

Sheldon, K. M., & Houser-Marko, L. (2001). Self-concordance, goal-attainment, and the pursuit of happiness: Can there be an upward spiral?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 152-165.

Sheldon, K. M., Elliot, A. J., Kim, Y., & Kasser, T. (2001). What is satisfying about satisfying events? Testing 10 candidate psychological needs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 325-339.

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2001). Getting older, Getting better? Personal strivings and psychological maturity across the life span. Developmental Psychology, 37(4), 491-501. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.37.4.491

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2001). Goals, congruence, and positive well-being: New empirical validation for humanistic ideas. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 41, 30-50. doi: 10.1177/0022167801411004

Sheldon, K. M., & Elliot, A. J. (2000). Personal goals in social roles: Divergences and convergences across roles and levels of analysis. Journal of Personality, 68, 51-84.

Sheldon, K. M., & McGregor, H. A. (2000). Extrinsic value orientation and 'the tragedy of the commons'. Journal of Personality, 68, 383-411.

Reis, H. T, Sheldon, K. M., Gable, S. L., Roscoe, J., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). Daily well-being: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 419-435.

Ryan, R. M., Chirkov, V. I., Little, T. D., Sheldon, K. M., Timoshina, E., & Deci, E. L. (1999). The American dream in Russia: Extrinsic aspirations and well-being in two cultures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(12), 1509-1524. doi: 10.1177/01461672992510007

Sheldon, K. M., & Elliot, A. J. (1999). Goal striving, need-satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: The self-concordance model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 482-497.

Sheldon, K. M., & Biddle, B. J. (1998). Standards, accountability, and school reform: Perils and pitfalls. Teachers College Record, 100, 164-180. doi: 0161-4681-98

Sheldon, K. M., & Elliot, A. J. (1998). Not all personal goals are personal: Comparing autonomous and controlling goals on effort and attainment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 546-557.

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (1998). Pursuing personal goals: Skills enable progress but not all progress is beneficial. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(12), 1319-1331. doi: 10.1177/01461672982412006

Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., Rawsthorne, L. J., & Ilardi, B. (1997). Trait self and true self: Cross-role variation in the Big Five personality traits and its relations with psychological authenticity and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1380-1393.

Ryan, R. M., Frederick, C., Lepes, D., Rubio, N., & Sheldon, K. M. (1997). Intrinsic motivation and exercise adherence. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 28, 335-354.

Ryan, R. M., Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T., & Deci, E. L. (1996). All goals are not created equal: An organismic perspective on the nature of goals and their regulation. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The psychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior (pp. 7-26). New York: Guilford Press.

Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., & Reis, H. T. (1996). What makes for a good day? Competence and autonomy in the day and in the person. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1270-1279.

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (1995). Coherence and congruence: Two aspects of personality integration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 531-543.

Sheldon, K. M. (1995). Creativity and self-determination in personality. Creativity and self-determination in personality, 8, 25-36. doi: 10.1207/s15326934crj0801_3